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Index to the Submarine Articles
(A work in progress)
The Loss of USS Indianapolis, gone missing, but not missed Indianapolis, the United States Cruiser, under the command of Captain Charles McVay USN, changed world history, and was instrumental in bringing the war in the Pacific against Japan to its conclusion. It resulted in an unprecedented court martial that ruined McVay and his Naval career.
Letters - Charles Hughes aged 18 died on the submarine HMS Porpoise
Letters
WW2 Liberty Ships - The Bridge of Steel - Spanning the Atlantic - Linking Britain to America In April of 1941, 800,000 tons of shipping was sent to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean, by U-Boats, these ships were being sunk at a faster rate than they could be built. In September of 1940, Britain sent a delegation off to the United States with a ship design, and an order for 60 ships, designated as the Ocean Class, of 10,000 tons with a 2,500 horse power engine to produce a speed of 10 knots. This inititive really acted as the catalyst, setting in motion the US move to develop their ship building program, that resulted in the Liberty Ships.
Some Quotable Quotes from random sources "Alright, they’re on our left, they’re on our right, they’re in front of us, they can’t get away this time."
Letters - Operation Hannibal, Wilhelm Gustloff and the Cap Arcona
The Blue Star Line's Tuscan Star, Torpedoed and sunk. The 6th. of September, 1942. Another Victim of the U-Boat War. This ship had been built as a Motor Vessel of 11,400 tons in 1930,and usually carried refrigerated cargo on her return journeys to England, and general cargo on the outward legs of her voyages. I was aware that this ship had been sunk some 9 months after I sailed in her, but did not know the circumstances surrounding her sinking, until I recently read a book about U-109, published in 1997.
Letters - Dutch Submarine Hr.Ms.Potvis
Index to the Submarine Articles
Australian Hospital ship Centaur Torpedoed by Japanese Submarine
Letters - Leigh Bishop and the "Deep Image" projects,
U-767
Letters - Jack "Windy" Magee from Belfast, merchant seaman in
WW2 on SARANAC, torpedoed and sunk by a German U-Boat U-51
U-767 Lost and found
Australian WW2 POW's die at sea en route to Japan. The sinking of Montevideo Maru on the 1st. of July 1942
Letters
- Father aboard the Tuscan Star when torpedoed
Decommissioned Russian Nuclear powered Submarine K-159 Sinks Whilst Under Tow
SS Athenia, First Casualty of the U-Boat War on the 3rd. of September 1939 Berlin found out about this attack from news reports, and knowing that U-30 was the only Boat in that area, were soon able to pin this error on her.
Letters
- Napier Star 1
Letters
- Italian submarines and the veracity of Mussolini?
The Sinking of the Spanish Republican Submarine C3, by German U-Boat U-34
Letters - Gross Admiral Donitz' baton
El hundimiento del Submarino Republicano Español C3 , por el "U-Boat" Alemán U-34
Letters - U-534 was sunk by Squadron 86
Letters - From a friend of Walter Schmietenknop, lone survivor from U-Boat U-767 in 1944
The Capture of U-505 by USS Guadalcanal. 4th. of June 1944
Letters - Specifications and history of the HIJMS Submarine I-11
Letters - Piece of a Midget Sub sunk in Sydney Harbour in 1942 finished up as an ash tray in UK.
Letters - Father commanded the Northern Spray on Convoy ONS5
How many enemy aircraft were shot down by U-Boats in WW2?
Operation Drumbeat, a German plan that sent five U-boat submarines to the East Coast of the United States to attack merchant ships during 1942
Letters - Harold BARNETT who apparently served on the Voltaire as a seaman in 1923
Letters - Uncle Rowland George Sims, lost on the Bristol City sunk by U-358 on 5th may 1943
The Top Ten German U-Boat Aces of World War 2
Letters - Friend served aboard AO-11 the USS Sapelo, a fleet oiler. He was in Convoy ONS5
Top Ten US Navy Submarine Captains in WW2 By Number of Confirmed Ships Sunk
Letters - U-662
Picture Page for Top Ten US Navy Submarine Captains in WW2 work in progress
Letters - Not approved to pick up survivors, ONS-5 and U-125
Letters - When did submarines first start using radios?
Letters - Where to get photo of the Japanese subs 1-11 or 1-9 or 1-10 and Liberty ship, William Dawes
Letters - New website for Japanese submarine I-52
Letters - Information about Welfreighter, Bob Quinn's recollections
Operation Deadlight, the scuttling of German U-Boats that were captured by the Allies after WW2
Letters - Permission to use picture for article on Operation Deadlight
Letters - Memoir of R. Nanthan Lawrence, survivor of ill-fated Convoy PQ 17
Letters - Aunt may have been aboard Tuscan Star
Letters - Michael and Ksenia Martyn and their 4 children survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Justin “Jungle” Jackson lost in USS Jacksonville August 30, 1944
Letters - U-boats to Japan with Uranium
Letters - Father sailed as 2nd Officer on SS Eastlea, sunk by U-48
The Development of the Catapult Armed Merchantman ( CAM Ships. )
Letters - Friend of Walter Schmietenknop, sole survivor or U-767
Coastal Command Sunderland, U from Squadron 461, Sinks German U-Boat, U-461 in the Bay of Biscay.
Letters - Uncle sailed in H.M.S. Vidette
The Tragedy of the British Submarine with two illfated names, Thetis and Thunderbolt
Liberty Ship William Dawes. Sunk by I-11 on the 22nd. of July 1942. Wreck found in November 2004
Letters - Grandfather was a crew member in HMS Veteran
Letters - Father, Ronald Bernard Bellchambers, lost on HMS Veteran
Letters - Father sailed in U-767
Letters - HMS Edinburgh - Was there ASDIC contact?
Letters - HMS Boadicia
Letters - Edward Hubenet, died when the tanker Jacksonville was torpedoed in 1944
Letters - Story of Reg Gill, aboard Leinster
Letters - U-boat surrenders in WW2?
Letters - Uncle was a Royal Navy gunner on the ill fated Gharinder
Archer Class Auxiliary Carrier, HMS Dasher Destroyed by Explosion on the 27nd. of March 1943. 379 Dead
Letters - New website about the Welfreighter
German U-Boat U-853 sinks US collier Black Point in contravention of Grand Admiral Karl Donitz' orders.
Letters - Harold Leslie Papworth, was Chief Officer on the Yorktown, and the only officer to survive, along with a few other crew members.26/09/1942
Letters - Father may have been in the Montevideo Maru
French Submarine Surcouf, the World's largest Submarine before WW2. Her mysterious disappearance in February of 1942.
Letters - Operation Mincemeat, Dasher, Major William Martins Headstone
Nuclear Submarine, USS San Fransisco, runs into Seamount on Saturday the 8th. of January 2005.
Letters - Grandfather was lost at sea from Empire Whale in 1943, sunk by U-662
Two successful U-Boat Commanders of WW1, Kapittanleutnants Otto Hersing and Lothar von Arnauld de la Periera
British Hospital Ships, Torpedoed or Mined in WW1
Letters - Martha Goddard died on the Athenia in Sept 1939
Death at Sea in World War 2.
Letters - Corrections: French Submarine SURCOUF, the World's largest Submarine
Letters - Cyril Hill in British ship Harperly sunk from Convoy ONS 5
Letters - Researching the SS Empire Bowman for one of the George Cross recipients - previously Albert Medal. Interview with Capt. C. H. Cranch
The U-Boats versus The Convoys. Battle of the Atlantic. September 1939 - May 1945. Index to Ahoy Articles
Letters - Information about Richard Lindenberg who was a U-boat captain?
Letters - George Albert Knowlton served in Ario, sunk by U-Boat U-158 off Frying Pan Shoals in WW2
Auxiliary Hospital Ship Anglia, mined off Folkestone on the 17th. of November 1915. 127, or 164 Dead
Wreck of HMHS Rewa, identified by Divers in 2004
WW1 Hospital ship Gloucster Castle torpedoed, salvaged to serve in WW2, but be sunk by German Armed Merchant Raider Michel
Letters - Wartime Sunderland exploits
Any old Iron? Canada wants to get rid of old Oberon Class Submarines. The Canadian Navy has some very old Oberon Class Submarines, not much more than Old Iron, at this stage of their life, that they would like to dispose of. But you should give up any ideas of being Captain of your own O Class Boat standing watch on her conning tower at sea. They appear to be beyond recovery to allow them to sail once more in the proud way they served in the Canadian Navy over 40 years ago.
Australia's Merchant Marine in Peace and War
Letters - How many civlians were aboard Wilhelm Gustloff?
Letters - Rear Admiral Muirhead-Gould and the Japanese Midget attack on Sydney Harbour
Letters - Looking for info on Pte Joseph Patrick Blake
Letters - Colin Francis Creswell 1894 - 1917 and HMS Implacable and Sub E-47
Letters - KEITH SYKES of Geelong who was a merchant seaman on the hospital ship Centaur
An Australian magazine Broadsword, in Queensland, has just published my Japanese Submarine I-401 Found!
Letters - Was Gilbert Norman Webb Harvey aboard HMAS Canberra or HMS Hythe
Russian Sailors Rescued from Trapped AS-28 Mini Submarine
The U-Boats pens in the Bay Of Biscay ports. Built after France collapses in June of 1940
Letters - Admiral Donitz in German is spelt Dönitz ... with an 'Umlaut'
List of Royal Navy Submarines sunk during WW11 indicating where sunk, how they were sunk, and the date of loss.(Includes Midget Submarines)
Letters - Beechwood bowl that had a small plaque inscribed “From the Officers and Men of HMA Submarine J2”
Letters - German cruiser wreck at Rabaul?
Letters - Rear Admiral Gerald Muirhead-Gould
Letters - Ambulance member who went down with the Centaur
Letters - Image of UC 5 postcard
Letters - Correcting our Kursk article
Letters - Trying to find out more information about the sinking of the Oronsay and the fate of her survivors
Allied Armed Merchant Cruisers of WW2
The British Convoy System in Two World Wars, and winning the Battle of the Atlantic
Letters - Correction: U-161 not involved with the sinking of SS Ario.
Letters - Research about my uncle that was in the Merchant Navy during the second world
Letters - Aboard DE RUYTER in the Java Sea Battle were at least three U. S. Navy personnel were aboard temporary duty for liaison and communications purposes
Letters - Kurzignale, used on U-boats, and the history of the Enigma cipher machine and an award winning Enigma simulator
Letters - Rewrite and correction "HM Submarine Vandal goes missing on the 24th. of February 1943. Wreck is found in 1994, and dived on in 2003"
Letters - Father served on HMS Boadicea
Letters - Research on the BRENNAN Torpedo
Letters - My father's aunts perished on Athenia
Letters - Horace L. Lindsey went down with the Jacksonville
Letters - Able Seaman George Pringle Law of Empire Whale
Letters - Looking for the wreck of Centaur
Belgian Trooper SS Leopoldville, sunk by U-486. Christmas eve 1944, and 783 US troops die
Letters - Think my granddad sailed the boat which saved survivors of the Athenia
Letters - Information about the British (or Dutch?) tugboat Bandit. It was involved in rescuing the SS Eros which was torpedoed by U-48 on June 7, 1940
U-22 sinks HMS Exmouth, 21st. of January 1940
Letters - Reuben Whitaker
US Balao Class Submarine USS Lagarto, found after 60 years in the Gulf of Siam
The Athenia Page, index to articles about Passenger Liner Athenia
Submarines and ships in the Battle of the Atlantic on postage stamps
Letters - April 1945, aboard Rangitata in the convoy CU-45
Survivors from Athenia picked up by the City of Flint, to be transported to Halifax This list from the Times of London archives indicates that the majority of these survivors rescued from the Athenia which was torpedoed by German U-Boat U-30, on Sunday the 3rd. of September 1939, were Americans.
Letters - Bernice Jansen, passenger on the Athenia
First newspaper report about Bernice Jansen being aboard Athenia when it was sunk by German U-Boat U-30, on the 3rd. of September 1939
Letters - John Easton and mother, Lily Easton, aboard Athenia when sunk.
Letters - John Armstrong, a stoker 1st Class, died on the HMS Mourne
Letters - SS Oronsay
Iron Knight sunk by Japanese Submarine I-21 in February 1943, wreck found June 2006
Letters - W. C. Bowles killed whilst serving on the HMS Voltaire 09th April 1941
Letters - Captain Walter John Manley, who was the captain of the Lorient on May 4, 1943, lost in in Convoy ONS 5
One of the US Navy's top WW2 Submarines USS Wahoo, lost in October 1943, found 63 years on by Russian Dive Team.
Letters - William Musgrave who was sadly killed when Voltaire was torpedoed
Letters - Peter Costello, aged 19, lost in HMS Mourne
Letters - Father was in USS Mugford at Battle of Savo Island
Letters - Identifying the wreck of HMS E-47
Letters - Memorial event being held in Wrexham, north Wales, the sinking of HMS Veteran in 1942
Letters - Also aboard Rangitata in the convoy HX-348
Letters - William Turner was a merchant seaman, a steward on this SS Ramillies and he was lost presumed drowned on 8th May 1941
Letters - Interviews with Athenia survivors for an article honoring the 65th anniversary
Letters - Jack. (John Whitehead) was a Merchant Service engineer during WW2 and was torpedoed on Nebraska
Letters - Allen Abraham Cornell, a Submariner in the Royal Navy from 1924-1933. He served on L22, L25 and L56
Letters - John Dodd survivor of Athenia?
Letters - Sto. E A Lindsey lost on submarine E 47, 1917
Family of seven, only three survive sinking of Athenia
Letters - Edward Belton survived the sinking of Athenia
Letters - Henry Cecil Cansdale lost in Empire Gold
Wreck of Japanese Midget Submarine M-24 that attacked Sydney Harbour on the 31st May/1st. of June in 1942, found at last
Athenia Manuscript authored by Judith Evelyn
Saved by Walter Schmietenknop - Cover and Table of Contents
Saved by Walter Schmietenknop - Chapter One The story opens with Walter, the protagonist, as a prisoner of war on a British destroyer. He reminisces about his father’s difficulties which resulted from his Christian stance in his community.
Saved - Chapter Seven Walter is taken ashore and transferred to an American camp where he is interrogated. He is then sent back to the British.
Saved - Chapter Eight Interrogated by the British and then moved to a camp near Edinburgh where he unsuccessfully attempts to join a planned escape attempt. Shipped to the U.S.A.
Saved - Chapter Nine Life in a prisoner of war camp in Georgia. Working at various jobs. Conditions at the end of the war.
Saved by Walter Schmietenknop
Letters - James Thomas Newcombe lost in SS North Britain
Letters - Margaret Ellen Taylor survived sinking of Athenia - which ship picked her up?
Letters - Roy Hay sailed in HMS Malaya, HMS Snowflake
Letters - Books about Convoy RB1
Letters - Captain Brown, cutlery from Athenia
Letters - A. E. Howell Seaman Coder served on Northern Spray
Letters - Pte Kelty MM, who had lost a leg, & was supposedly torpedoed & rescued from a hospital ship sometime between July & September 1918
Letters - Charles Sullivan, a marine on board the HMS Trinidad (not HMS Edinburgh), was killed in the attack
Letters - Researching "Marauders of the Sea" and the tanker Weser
Letters - Is there a shred of evidence that would buttress the rumors of (submarine) Surcouf's disloyal and treacherous actions
Letters - German submarines sailing to Japan in WW2?
Operation Pastorious. German Saboteurs came by night in June of 1942
Luftwaffe attack their own Destroyers on February 22nd. 1940 The aircraft now returned machine gun fire, seemingly assuring all the ships it was an enemy plane. But Max Schulz reported this aircraft was in fact friendly, one of her lookouts had spotted a German Cross on a wing, but no one else wanted to accept that report, especially after that 1st. exchange of gunfire.
Letters - Survivor finds plaque memorializing Helen Burrows who died in the sinking of Athenia
Letters - John Robert Spilman served on the Empire Light and died when it got Torpedoed in 1943
Wolf Packs slaughter ships in Convoys SC-7 and HX-79, in October 1940
Letters - Jessie Clark, aboard Athenia, and the "curse" of the Clarks
Letters - Florrie Treharne, survive the sinking of the Athenia in 1939?
Letters - Len Hiller served on the Voltaire and became a POW
Letters - John Campbell (aka Ian Campbell) served on the Veteran on the convoys during WW2
Letters - George F Crowe served on the Voltaire and was killed during the action on 4th April
Letters - George F Crowe served on the Voltaire and was killed during the action on 4th April
Letters - Passenger aboard the Athenia when it was torpedoed
Letters
Letters - Jack Wells may have been on board the Tuscan Star when it was torpedoed
Letters - Atkinson was serving on SS Ramillies when it was torpedoed and sunk on 8th May, 1941
Letters - Joseph Henry Warburton served in the Campbell and the Bicester between 1939 and 1945
Letters - George Tidbury survived the sinking of Voltaire, prisoner in Germany till the end of the war
Letters - Glasgow Museum of Transport; exhibition of Athenia, contacting survivors
Letters - Alice Apers, Florence Arthur and cousin Laura Apers survived the sinking of Athenia
Letters - Athenia survivor (originally evacuated to Scotland) in NYC
Survivors from Athenia rescued by Royal Navy destroyers, Escort, Electra and Fame, and landed at Gourock on the Clyde, Scotland
Letters - SS Baron Newlands and the trek of the crew to Freetown
Letters - Angus Macpherson lost in Athenia?
Letters - Correction: SS Volendam was torpedoed [possibly whilst carrying British children to Canada] but clearly wasn't sunk
Enemy Submarine Activity off the Australian Coast in WW2
Billy McGee in England plans a Memorial to Raymond Victor Steed. The youngest recorded Service death in WW2.
Letters - Roderick MacDonald Smith, 2nd Mate, died in WWII on the Caledonian Monarch on 14/1/1942
A History of Submarine USS Searaven who rescued 33 Royal Australian Airforce personnel from enemy held Timor in April 1942
Letters - HMHS Glenart Castle was not the sole Hospital ship in WW1 to collect a torpedo
Letters - Arthur Davidson from Grimsby, skipper of HMS Lord Nuffield (Trawler)
Letters - Ports and airfields U.S. used in Australia during WWII
Letters - Athenia passengers: George Bihun (age 16),William Bihun (age 14),Walter Bihun (age 12)
Letters - Searching for HMS X5 for the past 35 years in Arctic Norway
Letters - Lieutenant- Commnader R.E. Sherwood, R.N.R. in his smart frigate Tay
Letters - Tankard presented to people who went to Athenia's rescue
Letters - French Submarine Surcouf LIFE Photos
Letters - Tuscan Star torpedoed 6th Sept. 1942
Letters - Pictures of the SS City of Benares?
Letters - Two ships named Athenia
US Submarine Grunion probably found on August 22nd 2007 after her mysterious disappearance 65 years ago
Letters - My father is a survivor from the SS Athenia Sep. 3, 1939
Letters - Berta Rapp, Osias Rapp were survivors of the sinking of the Athenia
Letters - Lost in sinking of SS Jacksonville, World War II
Letters - John Morrison from Detroit, Mich, Athenia passenger?
Letters - Elizabeth and Margaret Orr, survivors of Athenia
Margaret and Elizabeth Orr both survived the sinking of RMS Athenia on Sunday the 3rd. of September 1939. Margo Farnworth's artifacts from her Mother and Grand Mother
Letters - Leslie John Holder, Radio Operator on duty who received the SOS from the ATHENIA after being torpedoed
Two totally different Submarine Campaigns in WW2: The German U-Boats and the Battle of The Atlantic, and the US Submarine Fleet in the war against Japan in the Pacific
Letters - George Sneddon lost on Athenia?
Letters - Nickolas Gash, Athenia survivor
A report about HMS Electra and the sinking and rescue of some of her passengers, by Able Seaman Jack Taylor
Letters - Athenia Research, Museum of Transport, Glasgow
Letters - Florence Kelly Roseman & her mother, Mary Kelly, survived Athenia
Letters - LCDR Robert T. Stagner Jr. USN was assigned Brisbane. during the war I believe on S-46
Letters - Thanks to Kevin Pickering of Shipwreck Films
Letters - James Heaps, a survivor of HMS Mourne on the 15th of June 1944
Letters - James A. Goodson survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - William Frederick Lloyd lost on Mourne
Letters - Rose Griffin survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Gerald Hutchinson, oldest living survivor of SS Athenia?
Letters - Athenia lifeboat survives on Stronsay, part of the Orkney Islands
Letters - SS Athenia Glasgow Museums update, pictures and keys which came from Athenia's silver room
Letters - Silven R. Hunt wasaboard the Ill Fated Block Island Carrier .. and the Guadalcanal
Letters - Bill was a young 20 year old sailor on the river class frigate HMS Mourne
Letters - Duncan MacKenzie Wood Sr., wife Ann Scott Wood, and their son Duncan MacKenzie Wood Jr., all survived the sinking of the ATHENIA
Letters - U-192
Letters - Pass of Balmaha, renamed Walter, On December 21, 1916 she sailed as Seeadler under command of Kapitanleutnant Felix von Luckner
Letters - Arthur and Lily Moses, were aboard the Athenia when she was torpedoed
Letters - Margaret Ray Hodge and Jocelyn M. Hodge survivied the sinking of Athenia
Britain launches first mammoth Submarine in the Astute Class of 4 new boats
Letters - Owen Griffiith Lloyd, HMS Veteran
Letters - Frank Watson served on H.M.S. Escort, picked up survivors from S.S. Athenia
Letters - Owen Griffith Lloyd served in HMS Veteran
Letters - Ralph Claude Hilton Jones, who died when HMS Mourne was sunk by U-767, June 1944
Letters - Liberty ship Liberty ship Roger B Taney torpedoed in the South Atlantic on the 2nd. of July 1943
Letters - Jessie Lowe (Jessie Makay) a nurse/stewardess on the Athenia?
Letters - Linda Dalton survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Frederick (Fred) Brindley (90 yrs old on 7th June '08) was onboard The HMS Duke of York
Letters - Royce L. "Goggy" Gross, USS Seawolf
Letters - Wooden hammer/mallet which was used at the launching of the Athenia
Letters - Torpedo attack and sinking of the French Ship De-La-Salle
Letters - Captain Walter John Manley
Letters - David Murray from Glasgow was the Captains steward on Athenia on that eventful night in 1939
Letters - Tommy McLaughlin served on Athenia
Letters - Aknowledging the quotes from John Stone, and other paraphrasing of Craig Allen's script, from the ABC Stateline, ABC News Canberra in our story about the sinking of Iron Knight
Letters - Story of the Athenia, its victims and survivors, could work well as a documentary
Letters - Horace George Moss, Royal Naval Rating - Signaller J.12422 (CH) was on HMS Pathfinder when she went down on the 5 September 1914
Letters - James Swan, 21 years old in September 1939, survived sinkings of Athenia and Gracia
Letters - Sinking of the Rodger B Taney
Letters - Willie Jenkins survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - David Murray Captain's Steward on Athenia
Letters - Uncle was a member of the crew (age 20) on the Arandora Star when it was torpedoed and sunk in 1940
Letters - German U-Boat U9
A nice letter from Syndal Probus Club I spoke to them on the morning of Wednesday 24th. of September, my subject: Enemy Submarine Activity off the Australian Coast in WW2.
Letters - Survivors of the Athenia
Letters - Athenia & Electra's arrival date in Greenock
Letters - Richard Blake sole survivor of submarine Sickle, 1944
Letters - Manifest for the passengers that boarded the S.S. Athenia in 1939?
Letters - Air purification of Subs in WW1
Letters - George Wormald, lost in sinking Empire Lake 15 July 1943 - Looking for survivors of SS Empire Lake
Letters - SS Athenia, Glasgow to Montreal around 1935
Letters - Adm Ortoli, former CO of FSS SURCOUF (1940 – 1941)
Letters - Submarine I-401, largest of WWII submarines
Letters - Picture of HMS Mourne K261
Letters - John Moresby's plaque in Holy Trinity Church, Fareham
Letters - HMAT Shropshire WW1 21 November 2008 (Chronological date: )
Letters - John Eric Jenkins sailor who went down with the Caledonian Monarch
Letters - Images: Easter Greeting card, H.M.S. Electra. dated 1940, H.M.S. Rodney 1944, H.M.S. Suffolk 1932, H.M.S. Repulse, H.M.S. Renown
Letter of thanks from an Athenia survivor, to the CO and crew of HMS Electra, one of the rescue destroyers
Letters - Ernest Parcell, usually known as "Ernie" an instrument maker in the workshops at the Frythe
Letters - Barbara Bailey, Athenia survivor
Letters - Sydney John Gibbins, Aircraftman 1st Class, served in HMS Courageous
Letters - George Hollaway/Tanner server in Empire Mersey and in Empire Whale
Letters - Peter Nelson Bekusch and John Nelson Bekusch survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Grandfather, David Don, was on the SS Athenia when it was torpedoed
Letters - Albert Augustus Wolff in Athenia 1, sunk by German U-Boat, U-53 on August 16 in 1917
Letters - Percy W Gore lost in sinking of S.S Cortes
Letters - "Eadie" rescued from the Athenia?
Letters - Original Marconi grams that I have concerning the sinking of the SS Athenia
Letters - Identification cards from the ship Athenia
Letters - Location of the Cheshire at the sinking of the SS Leopoldville?
Bizarre Meeting. Two atomic powered submarines, one British, one French crash into each other in the vast reaches of the Atlantic Ocean. The odds of two independently operating Nuclear powered submarines running into one another given the vast amount of sea room available in the Atlantic Ocean must be enormous.
Letters - Lona Marie (nee Attfield) Manning survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Rachel Adair McBride Lamont and Alexander Lamont survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - HMAS Nizam and HMS Foxhound picked up survivors from Dutch ship, Gaasterkerk, torpedoed on the 8th of October 1942
Letters - Agnes McFarlane who we believe was killed with her daughter Gladys on the Athenia
Letters - Joseph Stanyer killed on SS Empire Newcomen?
New book on Athenia by Cay Rademacher
Letters - Harry ( Reginald ) Holt lost in torpedo attack, HMS Culver
Letters - HMS Culver - Harold (Reginald) Holt
Letters - Archibald Parkes McColough was a stoker on the Glenart Castle on its last voyage
Letters - IJN Exchange Officers to German U-Boats?
Letters - George Mcewan survivied sinking of Athenia
Letters - Brin Submarine - Italian Navy World War II
Letters - Spoon with Athenia crest
Letters - Walter Costick was one of 13 survivors of HMS Culver
Letters - The first US mini sub was not built till 1955
Letters - David McLean survived the sinking of the HMS Voltaire
Letters - Ernest Claude Baxter served in Le Tigre, lost in HMS Ellesmere which was sunk by U-boat 1203
Letters - Contacting SS Athenia survivors?
Letters - Submarine E 47, 1917 crew: ERA John Curwen Tomlinson
Letters - Uncle served in RFA Aldersdale sunk in PQ 17 Arctic Convoy
Letters - Lost when S.S. Drina was torpedoed
Letters - Ada May Waterman, was aboard Athenia when it was torpedoed in 1939. She survived.
Letters - Robert (Bob) Bryson MacArthur Sim an engineer survived the torpedoeing of SS Athenia
Letters - HMS Research
Letters - Martha Goddard, Athenia
Letters - 70th anniversary of the sinking of Athenia
Letters - Late father was a chef on board the Oronsay
Letters - Bernice Jansen, missionary on Athenia
Letters - John Harry Morgan MN died with the infamous sinking of the Collier, Empire Lake off Madagascar in 1943
Letters - John Edward Stanley lost in hospital ship Centaur
Letters - Arthur J Dickson survived Saranac, steamer tanker torpedoed 25/06/1940
Letters - Joan Hecht Lorber, SS Athenia survivor, R.I.P
Letters - SS City of Benares
Letters - Victor Cooke Robinson served as 2nd Engineer on the Bengore Head
Letters - Search for the personal stories of the people onboard of the Athenia
Letters - Harriet Barrington killed on the Athenia
Letters - Mrs. Hannah Baird lost in Athenia sinking
Letters - Family of 7, only 3 survive Ewdokia Kucharczuk and her three children: sons, Stefan and Jakeb, and daughter Aleksandra were among those killed in sinking of Athenia
Letters - Survivor of Athenia
Letters - Walter Schmietenknop U 767
Letters - Walter Schmietenknop, U-767 Survivor
Letters - George Albert Knowlton lost in SS Ario
Letters - Daniel Honan, Merchant Seaman
Letters - John Merlin Flint killed in action in H.M.S. President III
Letters - Jerome Furmanm killed on the SS Jacksonville in 1944
Letters - Mary (Park) Blais, a survivor of the September sinking of the Athenia?
Letters - Hospital ship Centaur discovered off Queensland coast
Letters - Donald Roy MacRae - who was the Master of the S.S. Cortes when she was sunk on the 26th September 1941
Letters - Cook aboard HMS Auraniam; attacked by U-123 under the command of Reinhard Hardegen
Letters - HMS Springbank when it was sunk by U-201
Letters - Graham Wallace was a sub-lieutenant in HMS Gould when she was sunk in 1944
Letters - Maria (or Mary) Dick (nee Webster) survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - George Knight.I sailed in Bengore Head as a deck apprentice when Capt. Quail was in command
Letters - Convoy HX 126
Letters - S.S. Winona
Letters - Walter Adaszynski survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Lance Sergeant Samuel Heales lost in SS Galway Castle
Letters - HMAS Platypus photo?
Letters - HMS Narwhal
Letters - John Eric Barker who died on the ss North Britain in Atlantic Convoy ONS5
Letters - Arthur Richard Reading, survived the sinking of HMS Springbank
Letters - Information on the RSS Orama?
Letters - George F Crowe, killed in HMS Voltaire
Letters - Henry Cansdale (Empire Gold) was my Uncle
Letters - Cornelius Johannes Smith perished on board the Galway Castle when it was torpedoed in 1918?
Letters - Stan Mayes served in Conakrian and Viking Star and others in WW2
Letters - Eugeniusz Kowalski may have been working on S/S Warszawa
Letters - Jack Doherty, ships cook the Volendam
Letters - Harold William Chipperton, Royal Artillery, was on the HMAT Warilda when it was torpedoed and sunk on Aug 3 1918
Letters - John Sidney Lazarus, radio operator, lost in S.S. City of Benares
Letters - Operation Deadlight. Father served on H M S Loch Tarbert at the end of WW2
Letters - Athenia sinking, 1939, survivors
Letters - 1944 Leopoldville tragedy
Letters - Leonard Robert Sykes, Walda Katrina Sykes, Shirley Margaret Sykes, survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - Request for Athenia Survivor Source List
Letters - Photos of Japanese Submarine I-401 surrendering Sept 6 1945
Letters - Request for Official (newspaper source) of Athenia Survivors?
Letters - Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds awarded to Fregattenkapitän Albrecht Brandi
Letters - Possibly HMAS Platypus
Letters - Athenia was built in Glasgow
Letters - Photo of the Athenia
Letters - Thomas Holloway missing in HMS Mourne, 15 June 1944
Letters - Joseph and Elnetta Macdonald survive sinking of Athenia?
Letters - Peter Birchall was amongst those 93 passengers who died when Athenia sank
Letters - HMHS Somersetshire
Letters - Able Seaman Leonard Tucker of the Royal Navy lost on Empire Gold
Letters - Chief Petty Officer Tremba in the Sea Raven which rescued 33 brave Australians
Letters - HMAS Otway Museum Holbrook is up and running
Letters - SS Ophelia or SS Huntley picture?
Letters - Joseph Power (fireman) died in one of the three life rafts after sinking of in April 1941 of the SS Beaverdale
Letters - City of Benares - RAAF rescue
Letters - Patrick C Ryan ex RN 221024, who was a survivor from HMS Culver when it sank in Jan/42
Letters - Kapt Juergen Von Rosenstiel U-502 and Sinking of Surcouf
Letters - Duncan Cowx, a midget sub operator in WW2?
Letters - Richard Hector Walsh telegraphist lost in sinking of HMS Mourne
Letters - Lt Cmdr Hugh Crofton Simms, RN., Capt of H.M.S Hurricane
Letters - Ill Fated USS Block Island Carrier and history class
Letters - Escape via a Torpedo Tube?
Ewald Uechtritz, caught up in WW2, was to serve in the German U-Boat arm on opposite sides to his former class mates Here is a fascinating story of a former School Captain, Ewald Uechtritz (1935-1938) who had a German Father.
Letters - Information about Liberty ship Roger B Taney
Letters - 61 strong contingent of South African Air Force aboard Rangitata when it left Cape Town on the 2nd of September 1943
Letters - Cpt HK Taylor, served at Garden Island with Bob Quinn who wrote about Welfreighter mini-subs
Jens Ringbom, working on the Hansa the night she was torpedoed
Letters - Was Hannah Baird was the first Canadian (and merchant mariner) killed as a result of enemy action in WWII?
Letters - Lt. John Francis Fairbanks, Jr., USNA class of 1932, was the XO of the Edsall when it was attacked and sunk on March 1, 1942
Letters - Sinking of SS Siagon, account by C.L. Wiles, R.A.
Letters - Operated X-Craft 4 man submarines (Mk. 5 )
Letters - Peter McLaughlin Simpson was a cook in the SS Athenia, pre 1939
Letters - Not able to find a voyage by Somersetshire from India to UK just before the start of WW2
Letters - Lucy Marston, lost on Athenia, her daughter Aileen Scott Philipsen survived
Letters - Barbara Rodman Wilson, Athenia survivor
Letters - Radio Officer of the Athenia when Lemp torpedoed her in September 1939?
Letters - U.S.S. Griffin AS13 was the ship that escorted the six S. Boats to Brisbane
Today in Submarine Force History March 24, 2011 USS LANCETFISH (SS-296) was decommissioned after serving the shortest-ever term as a commissioned naval vessel
Letters - Liberty ship Roger B Taney and Coast Guart Cutter Taney
A Night to Remember by John B. Manbeck She piqued my interest when she said that she had spent a night in a leaky lifeboat in 1939.
WHO’S SORRY NOW? by Liam Nolan
Letters - Story on Barbara Wilson's Athenian ordeal
US President Woodrow Wilson on April 6, 1917 declared
Letters - Alice & Kathleen Michie survivied sinking of Athenia
Letters - Family Kowalski - 2010 letters from Eugeniusz Kowalaski and Robert Akerstrom
Letters - William Turner was lost in SS RamiIlles 1941 sinking by U-97
Letters - Lawrence George Pieretti lost on MV Nottingham
Letters - SS Ceramic
Letters - Athenia pillow
The U-Boats that Surrendered, Operation Deadlight By Derek Waller The Royal Navy’s Operation Deadlight, which was the executive action which led to the sinking of 116 German U-Boats off Northern Ireland between 27 November 1945 and 12 February 1946, was the culmination of the long-held determination of the British Government to ensure the total elimination of the German Navy’s submarine fleet after the end of WW2.
The U-Boats that Surrendered, U-Boats in the Royal Navy post-May 1945 by Derek Waller At the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, 156 U-Boats surrendered. Of these, 10 were allocated to each of the three Allies (UK, USA and USSR) later in the year, one was repaired and commissioned into the French Navy, four were repaired and commissioned into the Norwegian Navy, three were scrapped in the Norwegian ports in which they had surrendered, two were sunk by the US Navy in February 1946, and 116 were sunk by the Royal Navy in Operation Deadlight between November 1945 and February 1946.
Letters - Herbert Schofiel survivor on the SS Empire Gold, torpedoed in the Atlantic in WW2
Salvage of SS Garisoppa carrying a fortune in silver sunk in 1941
Navy divers find uncharted submarine off Rabaul, Papua New Guinea TWO Australian and New Zealand mine hunters have discovered what is believed to be the wreck of a World War II Japanese submarine off Rabaul's Simpson Harbour in Papua New Guinea.
Letters - Surcouf Article
Letters - Were Lydia Pemberton and Bertha Pemberton Survivors on the Athenia survivor list?
Letters - Either Hazel or May Toon survived the sinking of Ahenia
Collins Class Submarines
Letters - I do not think that the British had broken the German Code that was used to control their Armed Merchant Raiders
Letters - Udo Heilmann, U-97
Letters - Athenia survivor, Jessie Graham from Glasgow
Letters - Saw the Surcouf in Halifax in 1941
Letters - British Hospital ship with the name Warilda, and torpedoed and sunk on 03-08-1918
The Fate of the Japanese Submarines which Surrendered in 1945 - The Development of Allied Policy by Derek Waller The Potsdam Agreement signed by the British, Americans and Russians on 2 August 1945 sealed the fate of the majority of the Kriegsmarine U-Boats which had surrendered at the end of the European war. The result of the decisions at Potsdam was that 118 U-Boats which had surrendered on either side of the Atlantic were sunk in deep water before 15 February 1946, and that each of the three Allies was allowed to retain only 10 U-Boats for testing and experimental purposes. Additionally, the Potsdam Agreement determined the fate of four of the seven ex-U-Boats which had surrendered under the Japanese flag to the Royal Navy in Singapore and Indonesia in August 1945 at the end of the war in the Far East.
The U-Boats that Surrendered - U-1407 (HMS Meteorite) in the Royal Navy - 1945 to 1949 - by Derek Waller
Letters - Image of HMHS Asturias
Page 1 - Page 1 It was seventeen years since I had visited my native land, and now after a period of saving, planning, and preparing, I was truly on my wa to England again...
Page 2 - Page 2 ...Danzig and the Polish Corridor. England was negotiating with Russia an all in all they were sure Hitler would be afraid to start anthing againast such a powerful opposition...
Page 3 - Page 3 ...letter saying the sailing of the "Scythia" had been cancelled, but the7y would make further arrangements. The following Wednesday I go a phone message to say I could get a reservation on the "Athenia" sailing September 2nd from Liverpool...
Page 4 - Page 4 ...to most of my friends, I was rushed off to try to catch the Express. We just made it as the train was 10 minutes late and the train was crowded with people returning unexpectedly from their vacations all looking doubtfull as to the future...
Page 5 - Page 5 ...standstill, there were bus drivers and cab drivers, man and women with tears in their eyes. It was a pathetic sight. I also saw hundreds and hundreds of Scotch soldiers in the kilds with Knapscaks on their back, evendently enroute to join their regiments...
Page 6 - Page 6 ...people for twenty-five years. We didn't sail until 3:30 P. M. and it seemed I couldn't get settles. I didn't feel a bit like unpacking my suitcases. I took out my bathrobe and one or two dresses and hung them up. The then went around the ship and heard protests from passengers who were disappointed in their berths...
Page 7 - Page 7 ...my cabin, washed, and changed my dres(s) for dinner. I took my coat and had with me as I decided to come back on deck right after. Mrs. Townley said she didn't feel well, but she ate dinner and we both went up on deck and found a seat starboard of the hatchway...
Page 8 - Page 8 ...We found a pail in the boat and started to bail out the water. We seemd to be crowded and two fo the young boys who were rowing I discovered, were stewards from the Athenia...
Page 9 - Page 9 ...as we did, so we were ablr to discern other life boats close to it. We started to light the flares that we found on the boart.. I held them up and we tried hard to put toward that ship but it seemed we could not get any nearer..
Page 10 - Page 10 ...an American Freighter "The City of Flint" was on her way to give aid and to pick up the Americans and Canadians who wanted to continue enroute to America...
Page 11 - Page 11 ...remainder of the voyage and worked hard toward helping to feed us all. Then there was a young doctor who worked night and day attending the sick and injured and it was by no means easy...He treated my hand which I had burned rather badly holding up the lighted flares...
Page 12 - Page 12 ...The sailors set about making little shoes out of rope for the children...and one day they gave the kiddies a birthday party...
Page 13 - Page 13 ...I heard Bing Crosby's voice and I cried for joy, because then I know we were getting near home. Monday night a rumor went around that a submarine was sighted off Newfoundland...
Page 14 - Page 14 ...I can't describe the joy...
Rhonda Thomas' personal account - "Experiences of an Athenia Survivor"
Letters - Marianne Osterman (Marianne F Kaye) Athenia Survivor
Letters - "Ruth" Letter; Athenia Survivor
Letters - SS Ceramic Collision with SS Testbank
Letters - Albert Ransome, my father, HMS Voltaire
Letters - Margaret Florence Heap, Athenia survivor transported to Canada on the City of Flint?
Letters - AE2 sunk near Dardanelles
Letters - Wilhemina Greer and Sylvia ( Greer ) Love survived sinking for Athenia
Letters - HECTOR JOHN MCKENZIE Stoker PettyOfficer on Escort when she was on the rescue of ATHENIA survivors
Letters - Robert Goodall travelled to Canada in the Athenia, Donaldson Brothers Ltd.circa 1880?
Letters - Daniel Vernal who died on the SS Saint Barchan in 1918
The Saga Of American Freighter City of Flint An SOS had been read by an empty Norwegian Tanker, Knute Nelson, a luxury steam yacht Southern Cross from Norway, three British Destroyers Escort, Electra, Fame, who were escorting HMS Renown, and finally a United States freighter SS City of Flint.
Letters - David G Vowles and Anne Vowles were survivors of the Athenia
Letters - David Sinclair Simpson one of the two passengers lost in the De la Salle on July 9th 1943
Letters - Total number of submarine losses for all countries during the WW2?
Letters - Athenia Survivor: Mrs. Kate Williams of Victoria, BC - deceased
Letters - 1939 British Pathe newsreel about survivors of the Athenia sinking, including 2 eyewitness accounts
Letters - Sgt. Mach. Karel van Dijk was on the Dutch Submarine 0 19 when it hit Ladd Reef
Letters - New book: Athenia Torpedoed
Letters - Florence Barrett - Athenia
Letters - Hannah Baird. Voici un article publié dans le Québec Hebdo.
The Laconia Incident Realizing his error, Hartenstein immediately launched a rescue operation. Hundreds of survivors were picked up, including civilian women and children, with many crammed inside the submarine, on the upper deck and a further 200 survivors in tow aboard four lifeboats.
Letters - Hannah Baird Information/Sinking of the Athenia
Letters - Great Grand Mother worked on the SS Athenia
SS Strathallan torpedoed by U-562 December 21st. 1942, 250 Nurses and 4,000 troops are rescued
Letters
Letters - Oil painting of the Athenia painted just before her fateful trip
Letters - Athenia menus
Letters - Timothy Emmett Madden who I believe was a sailor who was in the ship Roger B Taney
Letters - James Firth lost in Submarine Vandal 24/2/1943
Letters - Thomas Hutton, Fireman was on the SS Drina that sank
Letters - My father served as first radio officer on the Oronsay when it was torpedoed in 1942
Letters - Hannah Baird was the first Canadian casulaty WW II
Letters - Mary (Fraser) Donald, Heather (Donald) Watts survived sinking of Athenia
Letters - HMS SICKLE - sole survivor was RICHARD BLAKE
Letters - Painting of SS Valdemossa rescuing children from SS Volendam in Aug 1940 after being torpedoed by U-60
Letters - Father was an ASDIC operator on the Sickle when she was lost in June 1944
Letters - Stoker Arthur Draper served on the
Letters - Hannah Baird, first Canadian casulaty of WW II
Letters - Athenia Survivor Mary McLeod
Letters - RMS ORAMA 1 or ORAMA II? Correction
Letters - Navy pauses to remember the loss of HMA Submarine AE1, lost 14 September 1914
Letters - Was Mary Rushton a passenger on Athenia?
Athenia Survivors from Knute Nelson landed at Galway
Letters - Were Bruce Cutler and to-be-wife Annie Waller were destined to board SS Athenia?
Letters - Charles McKenzie from Aberdeen sailed on the SS New York
The U-Boats versus Convoy SC121 On March 6, 1943, 59 ships formed up as SC121 and sailed out of Sydney, Breton Island in Canada, bound for Liverpool UK...Too few escorts caused SC121 to lose fourteen ships with one more damaged.
Letters - How to reach author of SUBS DOWN UNDER - SS42
Letters - George Bennetts was one of the casualties HMS E47
Letters - Grandfather lost his life in WW1 when HMS Louvain p was torpedoed by the German UC22 submarine
Letters - Matthew Ingram was on the H.M Trawler Ellesmere which was went down on the 24th Feb 1945
Letters - Eric Dixon, Third Officer, died on the raft after sinking of Rio Azul
Letters - Fredrick Thomas Pearson, Athenia Steward Prior to 2 September 1939?
In WW1, German U-Boat U9, destroys three elderly British Light Cruisers, Aboukir, Hogue, and Cressy in under 75 minutes
The Battle For Convoy ONS 5. 26th.April - 6th. May 1943
Japanese Midget Submarines Attack Sydney Harbour on the night of May31/June 1, 1942
SS Ceramic, a victim of U-515 on the 7th. of December 1942
German Radio called it "Greatest Convoy Battle of all Time." 40 U-Boats carve up Convoys SC122 and HX229. 16-19 March 1943.
Destroyer Escort USS England, Japanese Submarine Killer Supreme
French Submarine La Perle, who wants
friends that sink you?
Korvettenkapitan ( granted postumously ) Werner Henke. A top U-Boat Ace.
U-Boat U-482, Success, then lost with all hands The British Admiralty, in a more recent assessment about the destruction of U-482, have now stated that the cause of her loss is unknown. But the most probable cause is: She sank with all hands after striking a mine.
U-Boat 869 believed sunk off Gibraltar in 1945,
turns up on the bottom
off New Jersey, USA.
Sinking of the Struma, yet another tragedy at sea during WW2
German U-331 sinks British Battleship HMS Barham in the Mediterranean on the 25th. of November 1941
AE 1, AE 2, and J Class Submarines in The Royal Australian Navy
The Sinking of British Battleship, HMS Royal Oak, at Scapa Flow, by German Submarine, U-47
Capturing the Enigma Machine Baker-Cresswell, in a split second decision, stopped his Destroyer from ramming this U-Boat, and most likely sinking her. On his bridge, he recalled in his mind attending a Staff College lecture about the capture of ciphers in 1914, from a stricken German Naval vessel.
Tragedy at Sea During the months of 1945 prior to the surrender of all German Sea. Air, and Land forces to the Allies on May the 8th, a series of disasters at sea happened. A horrific number of deaths resulted, and five German merchant ships were involved. One may well pose the question "Why are so many people unaware of these actions and this huge loss of life?"
The Role of the Submarine in World War 2 Which country controlled the most efficient Submarine Fleet during this global conflict?
Under Water Warfare, The Struggle Against the Submarine Menace, 1939 -1945 - Index
Dutch Submarine Operations. WW2, 1941-1945
German U-Boat U-534. Her Three Separate Lives. From 1942 /1996, and is still on display near Liverpool. - German U-Boat U-534. Her Three Separate Lives. From 1942 /1996, and is still on display near Liverpool.
Wreck of Royal Navy Submarine E-10 found after 87 years A team of German divers recently found the wreck of the British WW1 Submarine E-10 in Heliogland in the North Sea. She had been listed as missing on the 18th. of January in 1915, and it was thought that this boat had been a victim of a moored mine.
Holbrook, New South Wales, Submarine Town
I-52 - Japan's Golden Submarine The lure of gold from I-52, has left behind a trail of unpaid bills, and investors who have lost their money.
Salvaging the Russian Atomic Submarine Kursk
CSS H L Hunley, the Confederate submersible sunk off Charleston Harbour in 1864, found and recovered
Accident to Chinese Submarine No.361 kills all its crew
A few submarine sites: New published work by Paul W. Wittmer, lists all US Submariners who were killed in WW2 Fine Art Submarine Paintings and Prints http://www.subart.net/british.htm Dutch Submarines of the Royal Netherlands Navy 1906-2003. http://www.dutchsubmarines.com U-Boat War. http://UBoat.net A research site about German Submarines. http://www.uboatwaffe.net/ A site about a Dutch Submarine. http://hrmspotvis.com/ |
At my stint at the Shrine yesterday, Thursday the 4th. of November I shared the shift with Keith Lindner who had served in HMAS Warramunga during WW2. Keith told me a relative had served in Coastal Command during WW2, and his Sunderland had sunk a German Submarine in the Bay of Biscay, the only details he knew was that this aircraft carried the same designation as did the U-Boat. eg U-761 versus U-Boat U-761. 
U-853 claimed the last victim of the Battle of the Atlantic, but we will never know if her Captain ignored the order by the "Last Fuhrer." or if in fact, he was dived in his boat at that time, and just did not receive this order.
When the German Army flooded into France in 1940, Surcouf was in Brest, refitting, she quickly escaped across the Channel to England, on only one available motor. Not all French Naval vessels surrendered to the British, and Surcouf had to be forcibly taken over by the Royal Navy, in the shirmish, two British Officers and a French sailor died. A British Dockyard refitted her, and she was handed over to the Free French Navy in Britain in August 1940. 
The sea is forced to give up one more of it secrets so tightly held these past 63 years. The Iron Knight lies 135 meters below the surface of the Pacific Ocean, fishermen's nets snagged on her bridge, proved to be the key to her discovery. 
Ban fired his second torpedo, to once more miss Chicago by some 4 meters, it ran aground on the East side of Garden Island, but did not blow up. Ban now successfully exited the harbour through the boom gate he had earlier entered, and took his Midget through Sydney Heads to the open sea, but never made the rendevous with his Mother Submarine, to disappear, his location and fate unknown over the next 64 years. 
Britain launched a massive sub that can hear a ship from across the Atlantic in June 08, 2007. She is four years late and a massive $900 million over-budget. (Wonder what Total Cost is?) But when the Royal Navy's super-sub HMS Astute finally arrived, she made for an awesome sight. An incredible new submarine to break all previous records in size, equipment, armament etc. 
Outward North Atlantic Slow Five, short name ONS 5, with a code name of MARFLEET, was made up of 43 merchant ships, in the main they could be classified as elderly, their destination Halifax in Nova Scotia, with a few ships destined for New York and Boston. This motley band of grey vessels with their names painted out had sailed from five ports, Milford Haven, Liverpool, the Clyde, Oban, and Londonderry. 
![[Image]](../Images/B11Holbrook.jpg)
